Effect of water currents on the development of skeletal deformities in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) with functional swimbladder during postlarval and nursery phase

Abstract Lordosis in reared sea bass was previously related either to the absence of swimbladder, or to bad or late inflation of this organ when damages were irreversible. Our results prove that these explanations are insufficient and that similar deformations may occur frequently in fry with functional swimbladder during the early weaning phase, if currents in tanks are higher than 10 cm s −1 .