Identification of very low-risk acute chest pain patients without troponin testing
2020
The earliest step in establishing the complex neuronal networks in the
vertebrate brain is the formation of a scaffold of axon tracts. How the
formation of the early axon scaffold is controlled at the molecular level is
unclear. Forming part of the scaffold, neurons located at the ventral
midbrain-forebrain border (MFB) give rise to the medial longitudinal fascicle
(mlf) and the posterior commissure (pc). We demonstrate that the homeobox
genes Sax1, Six3, Emx2 and Pax6 are expressed in distinct
domains in this area, suggesting that the specification of mlf and pc neurons
might be controlled by the combinatorial activity of these transcription
factors. We have tested this hypothesis by analysing the function of
Sax1 in the embryonic chick brain. Gain-of-function experiments with
Sax1 result in alterations to the early axon scaffold, most
prominently an enlargement of the mlf at the expense of the pc. Ectopic
expression of Sax1 also affects the expression of other ventral
homeobox genes, particularly Six3 and Emx2. Our results
indicate that the specification of neurons forming the early axon scaffold is
governed by a homeobox code, thus resembling the mechanism of neuronal
specification in the spinal cord.
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