Analysis of the Effect of Environmental Conditions in Conducting Amphibious Assaults Using a Ship Simulator/Vessel-Response Model Proof-of-Concept Study

Abstract : Significant technological advances have been made in estimating tidal current and water levels using numerical models as well as in estimating vessel maneuverability using ship/tow simulators. Benefits in applying these technologies to planning an amphibious assault include: 1) minimizing operational risk by testing the feasibility of the navigability of an area; 2) determining the capacity and timing of that operation; 3) defining the optimal axes-of-assault that best ensures navigational safety; and 4) developing a training platform for executing a particular plan. This report summarizes a proof-of-concept study for demonstrating the application of these technologies to allow commanders to determine the feasibility of surface amphibious operations and their use in a virtual amphibious assault near the Port of Anchorage, Alaska. This site was chosen because the environmental conditions at this location dictate that only a narrow window of time is available for conducting surface ship-to-shore operations. The vessel used in the virtual assault is the 1646-class Landing Craft Utility (LCU). The U.S. Navy (USN) provided two experienced craftmasters for piloting the LCU. Their assessment was that the simulator provided a realistic environment and the handling of the virtual LCU closely resembled that of a standard displacement landing craft.