Cirurgias êntero-colorretais: abordagem cirúrgica de 129 pacientes do SUS no Programa de Pós-Graduação Sensu Lato em coloproctologia

In the framework of postgraduate Coloproctology for the year 2009, the two graduate students conducted the second year as principal surgeons, 129 major surgeries, always assisted effectively by one or two tutors. All surgeries were performed on public patients in Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, with absolute presence of members of the Coloproctology Unit of Santa Casa School of Medical Sciences of Minas Gerais (GCP-CBHS-FCMMG). A retrospective analysis of 129 medical records was carried out, allowing several important observations. The average age of patients was 56.9 years, with extremes of 25 and 87 years, while the sixth and seventh decades the most representative, with respectively 25.6% and 24.8% to 50.4% of 55 patients (p 0.05). The most common nosological entity was colorectal cancer (74 cases, 57.4%), following the ileostomies (16 cases, 12.4%) and surgical complications of previous surgeries (11 cases, 8.5%). The most commonly performed procedures were abdominal rectosigmoidectomy with colorectal anastomosis (35 cases, 27.1%), the right hemicolectomy with ileo-transverse anastomosis (20 cases, 15.5%) and the resumption of intestinal transit of ileostomy (16 cases, 12, 4%). Of 129 surgeries 53 (41.1%) did not involve anastomosis and 76 (58.9%) involved intestinal resection and anastomosis. There were eight co-morbidities (6.2%) and cachexia (three cases) the most common. There were 17 complications (13.2%), 11 involving the 76 resections with anastomosis (14.5%) and six resections without anastomosis (11.3%). The most common complications among the 11 patients from resection and anastomosis were dehiscence (seven, 9.2%). The mechanical anastomosis (55) developed more complications (16.3%) than handmade anastomosis (21) (9.5%). There were 14 deaths (10.8%), six (4.6%) due to sepsis, four (3.1%) due to pulmonary thromboembolic disease and four (3.1%) due to multiple organ failure. Of the 14 deaths, four (3.1%) were due to surgical complications and ten (7.7%) were due to co-morbidities.