Carboplatin Alone vs Carboplatin plus Epidoxorubicin as Second-Line Therapy for Cisplatin- or Carboplatin-Sensitive Ovarian Cancer

Abstract Objective. The aim of the study was to analyze the benefit/toxicity profile of a second-line treatment with carboplatin alone or carboplatin plus another non-cross-resistant drug (epidoxorubicin) in ovarian cancer patients sensitive to cisplatin-based chemotherapy at first-line treatment. Methods. We conducted a randomized clinical trial. Women with epithelial ovarian cancer FIGO Stage II–IV who had a complete or partial response to first-line treatment with cisplatin or carboplatin-based regiments and subsequently progressed or relapsed more than 6 months after discontinuation of first-line treatment were eligible for the study. A total of 190 subjects entered the study. They were randomly allocated to either 300 mg/m 2 of carboplatin every 28 days for five cycles (95 patients) or 120 mg/m 2 of epidoxorubicin and 300 mg/m 2 of carboplatin every 28 days for five cycles (95 patients). Results. A complete response was reported, respectively, in 32 (36%) women allocated to carboplatin alone and in 28 (31.8%) of those allocated to carboplatin plus epidoxorubicin. The corresponding figures for partial response were 18 (20.2%) and 26 (29.9%). Comparing the frequency of complete response, partial response, no change, and progression, the differences between the two groups were not significant (χ 2 3 5.10, P = 0.16). The median duration of response was 16 months in the carboplatin alone and 20 months in the carboplatin plus epidoxorubicin group ( P = not significant). The 3-year percentage of survival was 29% in the carboplatin alone and 42% in the carboplatin plus epidoxorubicin group; this difference was not statistically significant. The frequency of leukopenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia grade 3–4 was higher in the epidoxorubicin plus carboplatin than in the carboplatin alone group. Alopecia G3 was present in 88% of women treated with epidoxorubicin plus carboplatin. Conclusions. The general results of this study do not show any marked differences in response to second-line treatment among women treated with single-agent (carboplatin) or multiagent (carboplatin plus epidoxorubicin) schedules. Toxicity, particularly hematological, was more relevant in women treated with the multiagent schedule.