The prognostic importance of the diastolic pulmonary gradient, transpulmonary gradient, and pulmonary vascular resistance in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement

Objectives To evaluate the association between markers of precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PH) and survival in transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Background The importance of precapillary PH has been sparsely investigated in patients undergoing TAVR. It may prove an important risk factor for poor outcomes. Methods We identified patients at our institution undergoing TAVR with a baseline right heart catheterization (RHC) demonstrating PH. We evaluated the association between markers of precapillary PH and survival including the diastolic pulmonary gradient (DPG), transpulmonary gradient (TPG), and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). A multivariable analysis was performed using Cox Proportional Hazards Models, adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, and pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) on echocardiography. Results We identified 133 patients with PH on RHC. Of these 111 had low DPG and 22 had high DPG. All 3 markers of precapillary PH were associated with worse survival post TAVR, with OR of 2.1 (95% CI 1.1–3.9, P = 0.02), 3.4 (95% CI 1.8–6.4, P < 0.001) and 2.5 (95% CI 1.4–4.5, P = 0.003) for high DPG, TPG, and PVR, respectively. On multivariable analysis, both TPG and PVR remained predictors of worse survival, with OR of 3.4 (95% CI 1.7–6.9, P = 0.001) and 2.5 (95% CI 1.4–4.5, P = 0.003). Echocardiographic PASP and DPG were not predictive of survival. Conclusions In patients undergoing TAVR, parameters of precapillary PH are associated with lower survival, and provide incremental prognostication over echocardiographic PASP. RHC should continue to play an important role in risk stratification prior to TAVR. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.