Development of three multiplex-PCR assays for virulence profiling of different iron acquisition systems in Escherichia coli

Background and Objectives Escherichia coli is responsible for various enteric and extraintestinal infections in animals and humans. Iron as an essential nutrient, has a proven role in pathogenicity of E. coli. Pathogenic E. coli benefits of having complicated systems for iron acquisition but our current knowledge is limited because of complexity of these systems. In the present study, three multiplex-PCR assays were developed to screen nine different virulence genes related to diverse iron acquisition systems in E. coli. Materials and Methods The multiplex-PCR systems were designed and optimized in three panels. Each panel includes a triplex-PCR cocktail. The panels are as follow: panel 1: iroN, iutA and fecA; panel 2: fyuA, sitA and irp2; and panel 3: iucD, chuA and tonB. A total of 39 pathogenic E. coli was screened according to the designed multiplex-PCR. Results In total, the top three frequent genes were tonB (100%), fecA (66.6%) and sitA (58.9%). With the exception of fecA and tonB, comparing the prevalence of genes among different origin of isolates (human, cattle, poultry and pigeon) showed significant associations (P < 0.05). Moreover, the iroN, sitA and iucD genes were significantly prevalent (P < 0.05) among members of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli in comparison with the group of diarrheagenic E. coli. Conclusion The current multiplex-PCR assays could be a valuable, rapid and economic tool to investigate diverse iron acquisition systems in E. coli for more precise virulence typing of pathogenic or commensal strains.