Light-Microscopic Stereologic Analysis of Spontaneous and Steroid-Induced Canine Prostatic Hyperplasia

Abstract A combined light-microscopic and stereologic analysis of the canine prostate was performed under the following experimental conditions: intact and castrated dogs, spontaneous benign prostatic hyperplasia, intact and castrated dogs after treatment with testosterone, 5α-dihydrotestosterone or 3α-androstanediol in combination with estradiol. Regarding the absolute amounts of the glandular and stromal parts of the prostate as well as the glandular cells, no difference was found among the testosterone, 3α-androstanediol and 5α-dihydrotestosterone treated castrated dogs. Treatment with 5α-dihydrotestosterone or 3α-androstanediol in combination with 17s-estradiol induced a four-fold increase in glandular and a two-fold increase in stromal tissue. The glandular to stromal tissue ratio equals that found in spontaneous canine hyperplasia, which is indicative of the glandular type of spontaneous canine hyperplasia. Therefore, it can be stated that treatment with 5α-dihydrotestos-terone or 3α-androstanediol combined with 17β-estradiol not only induces prostatic overgrowth but also leads to prostatic hyperplasia of the glandular type. However, the stereologic analysis of canine prostates following steroid administration shows that canine hyperplasia is primarily a glandular disease, while human benign prostatic hyperplasia shows more stromal activation.