Preparation method of mesoporous SiOx/C composite negative material of lithium-ion battery

The invention discloses a preparation method of a mesoporous SiOx/C composite negative material of a lithium-ion battery, and belongs to the fields of new materials and electrochemistry. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: taking polyvinylpyrrolidone as an auxiliary template agent, taking an organic surface active agent as a template agent and organic silicon as a silicon source, obtaining mesoporous silica precursor by hydrothermal treatment, adding a carbon source, and preparing SiOx/C composite negative material with a mesoporous structure by carbothermic reduction reaction occurring in the process of high-temperature thermal treatment. The preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the specific capacity of the material is high, the structure is novel, and simultaneously the cycling stability is good; the yield is high; and the prepared SiOx/C composite material is fine in particle, uniform in particle size and component distribution, high in specific capacity and good in cycling stability, is an ideal composite negative material of the lithium-ion battery, and can be widely applied in the fields such as various portable electronic equipment, electric vehicles and aerospace.