Astroglia-mediated regulation of cell development in the model of neurogenic niche in vitro treated with Aβ1-42

: Neĭrogenez – slozhnyĭ protsess, kotoryĭ opredeliaet razvitie golovnogo mozga v embrional'nom periode; on vazhen dlia protsessov neĭroplastichnosti na protiazhenii vseĭ zhizni organizma. Postnatal'nyĭ neĭrogenez proiskhodit v neĭrogennykh nishakh, kotorye obespechivaiut reguliatsiiu protsessov proliferatsii i differentsirovki stvolovykh i progenitornykh kletok pri deĭstvii stimulov, zapuskaiushchikh mekhanizmy plastichnosti golovnogo mozga. Kletki glial'noĭ i endotelial'noĭ prirody v neĭrogennykh nishakh iavliaiutsia kliuchevymi reguliatorami mekhanizmov neĭrogeneza. Izvestno, chto v fiziologicheskikh usloviiakh neĭrogenez vazhen dlia protsessov zapominaniia, a reparativnyĭ neĭrogenez obespechivaet, kak pravilo, chastichnoe vosstanovlenie povrezhdennykh struktur mozga i kompensatsiiu nevrologicheskikh defitsitov, obuslovlennykh takim povrezhdeniem. Dizreguliatsiia neĭrogeneza kharakterna dlia mnogikh narusheniĭ razvitiia golovnogo mozga i neĭrodegenerativnykh zabolevaniĭ, v chastnosti, bolezni Al'tsgeĭmera, iavliaiushcheĭsia aktual'noĭ mediko-sotsial'noĭ problemoĭ. V modeli neĭrogennoĭ nishi in vitro s ispol'zovaniem gippokampal'nykh neĭrosfer nami pokazany effekty aktivatsii astrotsitov na ekspressiiu markerov raznykh stadiĭ proliferatsii i differentsirovki kletok-uchastnikov neĭrogeneza. Ustanovleno, chto aberrantnye mekhanizmy razvitiia stvolovykh i progenitornykh kletok, vyzvannye deĭstviem beta-amiloidnogo peptida (Aβ1-42), mogut byt' chastichno vosstanovleny pri adresnoĭ aktivatsii GFAP-ekspressiruiushchikh kletok neĭrogennoĭ nishi.