Managed Grain Production as an Element of Rational Nature Management, Ensuring the Production of Economically Valuable Grain with a Minimum Level of Hidden Damage

The aim of the work is to evaluate the possibilities of X-ray quality control of seed and grain batches to identify hidden ecogenic and technogenic damage, to assess their impact on the economic suitability of grain and the possibility of its selection for precision studies of individual samples and mass analysis of grain batches. X-ray signs of hidden damage to the grain of a biogenic and technogenic nature were revealed, which significantly affect the economic suitability of grain batches (fracturing, internal germination, enzyme–mycotic depletion, damage, and infestation of the grain with insects, non-fulfillment of the grain). It is shown that in production conditions there are grain defects that are absent in field small-scale experiments. The results obtained are the basis for improving agricultural technologies in order to produce economically valuable grain with a minimum level of hidden damage, as well as to ensure the competitiveness of domestic grain production in the world grain market.