O instante da morte. A hipótese da decisao final (II)

Sintese: A hipotese da decisao final reflete sobre o que, possivelmente, transcorreria, no plano metafisico, no instante em que se detecta fisicamente a ocorrencia da morte. As origens da hipotese remetem ao periodo medieval, no seculo XVI, com a teoria da iluminacao final, para a qual, no ultimo instante do status viae ou no primeiro do staus termini, Deus concederia uma graca especial ao ser humano com o objetivo de que tomasse uma decisao final, determinando seu destino eterno (salvacao ou perdicao). A evolucao desta teoria culminou, nos seculos XIX-XX, na hipotese da decisao final que poe o acento reflexivo no instante da propria morte. Para a hipotese, a morte seria um instante de decisividade, consciencia, responsabilidade, atemporal e de profunda densidade psicologica e espiritual. No instante pontual da morte, quando a alma se separa do corpo, o ser humano seria capaz de tomar uma decisao final e absoluta. Esta hipotese suscitou muitas reacoes criticas nos planos metodologico, antropologico e teologico.Palavras-chave: Vida. Morte. Ser humano. Hipotese. Decisao e destino eterno.Abstract: The hypothesis of the final decision reflects on what would possibly occur, on the metaphysical plan, when we physically detect the occurrence of death. The origins of the hypothesis may be traced to the medieval period, to the 16th century’s theory of the final enlightenment. According to this theory, at the last moment of the status viae or at the first of the status termini, God would grant a special grace to Man so that he could make a final decision and thus determine his eternal fate (salvation or perdition). In the 19th and 20th centuries, the evolution of this theory culminated in the hypothesis of the final decision that puts the reflective emphasis on the very moment of death.  In this hypothesis, death would be a moment of decisiveness, awareness, responsibility, timelessness and of deep psychological and spiritual density. At the exact moment of death, when the soul leaves the body, the human being would be able to make a final and absolute decision. This hypothesis has raised many critical reactions in the methodological, anthropological and theological plans.Keywords: Life. Death. Human being. Hypothesis. Decision and eternal destiny.