Agrobiodiversidad y servicios ecosistémicos : una revisión de los componentes y prácticas de manejo

In recent years, the consequences of loss of agricultural biodiversity on the functioning of agroecosystems have been documented, as well as their role in generating ecosystem services. Therefore, to analyze the relationship between agrobiodiversity and ecosystem services, a systematic review of scientific literature was carried out at the global level, through the construction of a search pattern and the consultation of different databases of impact. This allowed the identification of 71 ecosystem services provided by the components of associated, planned and surrounding agrobiodiversity in diversified agricultural systems. This documentary review indicates that regulation services are the most evaluated (49%), followed by cultural services (25%), supply (13%) and support (13%). The provision of ecosystem services in diversified agroecosystems is due to the implementation of management practices that provide, favor and allow the conservation of agricultural biodiversity. About the planned component, the production of quality food is the most important service for farmers. Regulation services are provided especially by the surrounding components, while cultural services, by the associated component. Finally, the results obtained allow us to conclude that agroecosystems play a role beyond food production. The understanding of the relationship between agrobiodiversity and ecosystem services was achieved through key factors such as crop diversification, the association of agricultural systems and the implementation of sustainable practices.