Methylation of Breast Cancer Susceptibility Gene 1 (BRCA1) Predicts Recurrence in Patients With Curatively Resected Stage I Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

BACKGROUND: Even after early detection and curative resection of early stage non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a significant fraction of patients develop recurrent disease. Molecular biomarkers that can predict the risk of recurrence thus need to be identified to improve clinical outcomes. METHODS: Using the methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction assay, promoter methylation of the breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) was assessed in cancer tissues from 70 patients with curatively resected stage I NSCLC. The clinical relevance of BRCA1 methylation status was evaluated in terms of outcome of the disease. RESULTS: Methylation of the BRCA1 promoter was detected in 13 of 70 patients (18.6%). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that BRCA1 methylation was an independent risk factor for recurrence (P ¼ .0197) and that patients with BRCA1 methylation demonstrated significantly poorer recurrence-free survival compared to those without (P ¼ .0139). Cox’s proportional hazard regression analysis revealed that BRCA1 methylation was an independent risk factor for recurrence-free survival (P ¼ .0155). CONCLUSIONS: Methylated BRCA1 can be a potential biomarker that predicts the prognosis after curative resection of stage I NSCLC. Considering that BRCA1 plays a role in chemotherapy-induced apoptosis, it is plausible that identification of methylated BRCA1 could provide information that is clinically relevant to tailored adjuvant therapy. Cancer 2013;119:792–8. V C 2013 American Cancer Society.