Učinak gama zračenja i hladne plazme na smanjenje koncentracije T-2 i HT-2 toksina u žitaricama

Aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and ratios of T-2 and HT-2 toxins in different cereals, with monitoring of climatic factors, and to establish the effect of modern physical methods, gamma irradiation and cold plasma, on reduction of T-2 and HT-2 toxins accompanied by monitoring of the influence of applied methods on nutritive composition of cereals. For this purpose, highly sensitive confirmatory liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry (LCMS/ MS) method was developed and validated for the determination of T-2 and HT-2 toxins. The obtained results show significant occurence of T-2 and HT-2 toxins in analysed cereals, primarily in oats (70.0 %) and subsequently in barley (40.9 %), maize (26.8 %) and wheat (19.2 %). The maximal summary concentration of T-2/HT-2 was determined in maize (332.3 μg/kg). Reduction of T-2 and HT-2 toxins by gamma iraddiation is dependent on the radiation dose and dose rate applied, with maximal T-2 toxin reduction of 51.3% and HT-2 toxin of 56.6 % achieved. The effect of cold plasma on T-2 and HT-2 toxin reduction depends on exposure time and working gas type. After treatment with sinusoidal cold nitrogen plasma, the achieved maximal reduction of T-2 toxin was 47.1 % and HT-2 toxin 31.2 %. Unlike cold plasma treatment, gamma irradiation does not cause changes in the nutritive composition of oatmeal.