Utilisation d’un ferment producteur de monoxyde d’azote comme alternative aux sels nitrites ?
2016
Staphylococcus xylosus, a coagulase-negative Staphylococcus is usually used as a starter culture in meat
products. It contributes to the reduction of nitrate to nitrite through its nitrate reductase activity that is crucial for
color development. Nitrite is reduced to nitric oxide (NO), which binds to the meat pigment metmyoglobin to
form the stable red nitrosomyoglobin. However, the safety of the use of nitrite regarding human health has been
questioned. Therefore, alternatives to substitute nitrite are under investigation. The aim was to evaluate the
ability of S. xylosus nitric oxide synthase (NOS) to produce NO, based on an assay in which metmyoglobin is
converted to nitrosomyoglobin. A mutant strain deleted for nos (Δnos) has been generated. The ability of the
Δnos mutant to form nitrosomyoglobin was sharply decreased compared to the wild-type and the nos
complemented mutant, demonstrating the contribution of S. xylosus NOS in the production of NO. The NOS
pathway needs to be further understood and could constitute a natural solution to substitute nitrite in meat
products.
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