Nickel–metal hydride and nickel–zinc batteries for hybrid electric vehicles and battery electric vehicles

Abstract Nickel–metal hydride (NiMH) rechargeable batteries are the chemistry of choice for hybrid electric vehicle. They provide excellent performance (high energy and power, an excellent range of operating temperatures), reliability, and cost. In addition, NiMH batteries have demonstrated excellent safety, abuse resistance, and cycle life, which have translated into superior field reliability for advanced vehicular applications with over 6 million vehicles sold. Nickel–zinc batteries are being actively developed for start/stop applications.