Применение аэрологического радиолокатора для определения профиля ветра в приземной атмосфере

Currently, radar and radionavigation systems for aerological sounding of the atmosphere with the help of aerological radiosondes launched into the atmosphere are widely used to provide operational weather and climate forecasts. Meteorological radar systems for various purposes have been developed to obtain operational data on the free atmosphere. The systems are operated, providing measurement of meteorological parameters by noncontact methods. One of the most important meteorological parameters is the vertical wind profile. Specialized radars have been created to determine the distribution of wind direction and speed by altitude. They allow measuring the dynamic parameters of the wind in real time. The article considers the possibility of creating a radar for the wind parameters measuring the lower troposphere based on the modernization of a serial domestic aerological radar. Technical characteristics of the radar such as the pulse transmitting power, the sensitivity of the receiver, the ability to control the antenna radiation pattern accurately by angular coordinates make it possible to provide fundamental wind measurement in the lower troposphere. The main issues of modernization are related to the need of implementation of the coherent operation mode into the radar receiver and transmitter and ensuring the coherent energy storage of the reflected signal during the interval of statistical stability of the atmosphere. The information about the wind at the measured altitude is estimated from the Doppler spectrum of the signal reflected from meteorological inhomogeneities. The ability to accurately point the antenna during the sounding session allows determination of the vertical wind profile in the altitude range, even in clear sky conditions. Bukrin I. V., Gusev A. V., Kudinov S. I., Ivanov V. E., Plokhikh O. V., Shabunin S. N. Application of aerological radar to determine the wind profile in the lower troposphere. Ural Radio Engineering Journal. 2021;5(1):32–48. (In Russ.) DOI: 10.15826/urej.2021.5.1.003.