Miniaturization of solid-state accelerator by compact low-energy-loss electron reflecting mirror

Effective confining particles in a finite space region where an accelerating electric field exists are very crucial to maintain an accelerator to be small sized. The mere use of a magnetic field to drive particles back into the accelerating electric field was widely applied in cyclotron but did not well control the size of the whole accelerator. A more effective mechanism of confining particles in the accelerating electric field is studied in detail here.