Biomaterials for pacemakers, defibrillators and neurostimulators

Abstract: This chapter discusses the materials used to make functional electrical stimulation devices, including implantable pacemakers, defibrillators, and neurostimulators. It focuses on the use of the materials in terms of structures, functions, and biological responses of these devices, and engineering principles to solve problems related to material biocompatibility, biostability, and unmet needs.