Noninvasive Ventilation for Acute Respiratory Failure in Children

Non Invasive Ventilation(NIV) provides respiratory support without requiring endotracheal intubatio. It has emerged as a first line or bridging therapy for managing acute and Chronic respiratory faliure in children. NIV is associated with advantages and challenges. In this chapter we review the lateststudies describing use of NIV for differfent indicationsin children, contraindication,mangment strategy and safety issues associated with application of NIVfor acute respiratory faliure (ARF). Brief description on the use of of continuous positive airway pressure, Bilevel positive pressure ventilation (BiPAP) and High flow nasal canula(HFNC) in ARF is also included.