ARHGAP24 inhibits cell cycle progression, induces apoptosis and suppresses invasion in renal cell carcinoma

// Gaosi Xu 1, * , Xiongbing Lu 2, * , Tianlun Huang 1 , Jie Fan 1 1 Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China 2 Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China * These authors have contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Gaosi Xu, email: gaosixu325@163.com Keywords: renal cancer, ARHGAP24, proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis Received: March 14, 2016      Accepted: June 13, 2016      Published: July 2, 2016 ABSTRACT Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the major cause of kidney malignancy-related deaths. Rho GTPases are key regulators in cancer cell metastasis. ARHGAP24, a Rac-specific member of the Rho GTPase-activating protein family, acts as a functional target of cancer cell migration and invasion. In the present study, we identified ARHGAP24 expression is downregulated in renal cancer tissues and is highly correlated with long-term survival in RCC patients. Therefore, we investigated the biological functions of ARHGAP24 in renal cancer cells. Ectopic expression of ARHGAP24 resulted in inhibited cell proliferation and arrested cell cycle in two renal cancer cell lines (786-0 and Caki-2); the results were confirmed by ARHGAP24 knocking down. In addition, ARHGAP24 significantly reduced the cell invasion ability and induced apoptosis in renal cancer cells. In addition, overexpressing ARHGAP24 impaired tumor formation in vivo . In summary, our results illustrated that ARHGAP24 plays a unique role in RCC progression as a tumor repressor.