Liquid Densities and Excess Quantities for the Green Esterification Process

Liquid densities of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) such as choline chloride + glycerol {[ChCl][Gly]}, choline chloride + acetic acid {[ChCl][AA]}; ionic liquids (ILs), such as 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate {[EMIM][HSO4]}, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate {[EMIM][EtSO4]}, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate {[BMIM][Ac]}; and mixture of DESs + ILs as well as organic mixtures, such as n-butyl acetate + butanol and n-butyl acetate + acetic acid were measured at different temperatures from 293.15 to 343.15 K with an increase of 5 K. From this measured density, isobaric expansivity, excess molar volume, partial molar volume, excess partial molar volume, and apparent molar volume were calculated to understand and characterize the solution behavior as well as solvent–solvent interactions for the entire mole fraction at different temperatures. The excess molar properties showing positive deviation for DESs + ILs system, which indicates a creation of volume in the binary mixtures and disr...