Perfil de ácidos graxos do leite de vacas Holandês x Gir em pastagem de capim-marandu suplementado com quantidades crescentes de grão de soja tostado

The experiment was carried out at Embrapa Dairy Cattle in order to evaluate the milk fatty acid (FA) composition and indices of nutritional quality of milk fat from Holstein x Gyr cows (n = 16) grazing on Brachiaria brizanta cv. Marandu supplemented with concentrate (6 kg/cow/d) containing 0, 1.3, 2.6 and 3.9 kg (as-fed basis) of roasted soybeans (RS). A linear decrease (P<0.0001) in the content and secretion of lauric, myristic and palmitic FA, and odd- and branched-chain FA was observed, whereas the content and secretion of α-linolenic, linoleic, oleic, and stearic FA in milk fat increased linearly (P<0.0001) as the amount of RS increased in the diet. The milk fat content and secretion of vaccenic and rumenic FA increased quadratically (P<0.001) in response to dietary RS level. As a consequence of the above-mentioned changes in milk FA composition, both atherogeniticy and trombogenicity indices of milk fat were reduced linearly (P<0.0001), whereas hypo:hypercholesterolemic and ω-6:ω-3 FA ratios increased linearly (P<0.0001) in milk fat from cows fed increasing levels of RS. The results showed that dietary supplementation with increasing amounts of RS have the potential to secrete fat milk enriched fatty acids beneficial to human health.