Air Force Operational Medicine: Using the Estimating Supplies Program to Develop Materiel Solutions for the Operational Clinical Requirements of the Expeditionary Medical Support (EMEDS) System. Volume 1. The Small Portable Expeditionary Aeromedical Rapid Response (SPEARR) System

Abstract : A modeling and simulation effort was completed on the Air Force Small Portable Expeditionary Aeromedical Rapid Response (SPEARR) system using current Naval Health Research Center methodology and the Estimating Supplies Program (ESP). The clinical functional areas modeled were the Mobile Forward Surgical Team (MFST), Expeditionary Critical Care Team , and the Preventive Aerospace Medicine, Advanced Echelon. The SPEARR is the lead element of the more robust Expeditionary Medical Support (EMEDS) deployable medical system and provides emergent life- and limb-saving resuscitative surgical care as well as limited outpatient services in austere environments. The EMEDS system, to include the SPEARR, was the subject of a Force Development Evaluation (FDE) where the system was set up as in a deployable setting and patient streams were presented and treated in the various functional areas. As part of the FDE, significant modernization of the Allowance Standard was performed. During the FDE, data were collected and used to construct the models used in the simulation. The simulation was a patient stream derived from Operation Iraqi Freedom I and was representative of the kind of patients and their occurrence frequency this system was developed to support. The study of the Allowance Standards resulted in modernization of the three functional areas, most notably the MFST. The MFST surgical capability was enhanced by adding Factor VII for uncontrollable hemorrhage, negative pressure dressing supplies and equipment, and compression boots.