LONG-TERM FATE OF DISPERSED AND UNDISPERSED CRUDE OIL IN TWO NEARSHORE TEST SPILLS

ABSTRACT The fate and effects of two nearshore discharges of Murban crude oil at Long Cove, Searsport, Maine in August 1981 were studied following a one-year, pre-spill baseline study of the test areas. An upper and a lower intertidal sampling area within a 60 × 100 meter test plot were exposed to dispersed oil in water resulting from the discharge of 250 gallons of oil pre-mixed with 25 gallons of Corexit 9527 dispersant. Release of treated oil was around high-water slack tide on the surface of the water, with added mixing energy provided by mixing gates deployed by small boats. The maximum water depth over the test areas was 3.5 meters. Untreated crude oil (250 gallons) was released on an ebbing tide within a separate, boomed-off 60 × 100 meter test plot. A third test plot served as an oil-free reference plot. Water samples taken near the surface and near the bottom during and after discharge showed that chemically dispersed oil loses lower boiling hydrocarbons in both the aliphatic and aromatic fractio...