Infecção sistêmica por Yersinia enterocolitica em chinchilas (Chinchilla laniger)

Yersinia enterocolitica is a Gram-negative bacterium, which causes infections in several mammalian species. It is often recognized as an agent causing intestinal and mesenteric lymph nodes lesions. However, Yersinia enterocolitica infection may also become systemic, with lesions in others organs such as liver and spleen. This paper describes outbreaks of systemic infection due to Yersinia enterocolitica in two commercial chinchilla breeders in Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). Owners reported that affected animals showed apathy, anorexia prior to death. Macroscopic examination performed in 13 animals revealed splenomegaly, hepatomegaly and multifocal whitish pinpoint foci in liver, spleen, lung, kidney and intestine. Microscopically, the affected tissues had infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages, as well as fibrin and necrosis with central areas containing cocobacilli bacteria. Yersinia enterocolitica was isolated from liver, spleen, lung and intestine samples from animals of both breeders, and from feces of chinchillas of one of the breeders. Therefore, yersiniosis is a disease to be investigated in cases of mortality of chinchillas.