A review on fabrication and applications of textile envelope integrated flexible photovoltaic systems

Abstract The concept of textile envelope integrated flexible photovoltaic (TE-FPV) systems emerged in the late 1990s. It has been one of most promising technologies to promote the development of nearly zero energy buildings with renewable energy utilization, due to its advantageous properties. This article presents a comprehensive review of the TE-FPV technology, especially in terms of fabrication and applications. Key Roll-to-Roll fabrication process is provided a detailed introduction. Projects are classified according to building types to give guidance for future design. Their performance tests carried out in this field are summarized to promote the development of products. Furthermore, European Union regulations regarding TE-FPV systems are investigated based on textile construction aspect and flexible photovoltaic aspect. Based on the findings, a description of obstacles and prospect are also identified to facilitate its popularization and commercialization in the European market. The application scope depends on the flexible photovoltaic technique most. Building retrofits will be the dominating applied direction.