Estudio de los mecanismos de apoptosis y mitosis en el globo ocular: Modelo experimental del síndrome tóxico gestacional

espanolObjetivo: Profundizar en los conocimientos de los mecanismos de diferenciacion y proliferacion celular durante el desarrollo de la retina, estudiando los mecanismos de mitosis y apoptosis en un modelo de exposicion prenatal al alcohol en la rata. Metodo: Se utilizaron ratas Wistar (200 g peso) y su descendencia, en dos grupos alimentados con dieta liquida: 1) el grupo expuesto al etanol (5% etanol peso/volumen como 35% calorias diarias totales) y 2) un grupo control isocalorico (carbohidratos como 35% calorias diarias totales). Se obtuvieron los globos oculares el dia 21 de gestacion para incluirlos en parafina y realizar la inmunodeteccion de celulas apoptoticas (TUNEL) y mitoticas que se fotografiaron a microscopia confocal, realizando analisis morfologico y morfometrico para estudiar estadisticamente los datos. Resultados: Las microfotografias revelaron un aumento significativo de perfiles apoptoticos (p EnglishObjective: To improve knowledge of the mechanisms of cellular differentiation and proliferation during retinal development, by studying cellular and molecular damage in a rat model of prenatal ethanol exposure. Methods: Female, juvenile Wistar rats (200g body weight) and their offspring were divided into two groups, which were fed a liquid diet: 1) ethanol-exposed group (5% ethanol weight/vol as 35% of daily total calories) and 2) isocaloric control group (maltose/dextrin as 35% of daily total calories). Eyeballs were obtained at 21 days of gestation, embedded in paraffin, and immunodetection procedures performed on apoptotic (TUNEL) and mitotic profiles, which were observed and photographed using a confocal microscope. Results: Analysis of the microphotographs revealed a statistically significant increase of apoptotic profiles and a decrease in mitotic profiles in the ethanol exposed group compared to controls (p