KLASIFIKASI AL-QURAN TERHADAP TINGKAH LAKU MANUSIA DALAM MEMBINA PERADABAN (The Quran and the Transformation of Human Behaviour in Building Civilization)

ABSTRAK Sebagai panduan dan pedoman bagi manusia, al-Quran tidak hanya merangkumi perkara yang berkaitan dengan aqidah, ibadah, muamalah dan akhlak, tetapi juga membincangkan hal-hal yang berhubungkait dengan manusia, seperti asal kejadian, proses penciptaan serta matlamat dan tujuan mereka dicipta oleh Allah SWT. Al-Quran juga tidak ketinggalan membincangkan perilaku, sikap dan tabiat manusia, baik yang dapat dikesan oleh pancainderia mahupun yang tersembunyi dalam hati sanubari. Hal ini dimaktubkan dalam banyak surah dan ayat. Namun adanya penjelasan tentang hakikat tingkahlaku ini kuran disedari oleh kebanyakan sarjana, sedangkan ianya amat penting untuk menyelesaikan masalah manusia yang berkaitan khususnya tingkahlaku yang negatif. Mereka lebih banyak merujuk kepada sumber bukan daripada al-Quran ataupun pandangan sarjana barat semata-mata apabila membicarakan tentang tingkahlaku dan perkara yang berhubungan dengannya. Sehubungan dengan itu, penulisan ini bertujuan membincangkan kepelbagaian tingkah laku manusia menerusi ayat al-Quran serta huraiannya. Huraian al-Quran mengenainya adalah isyarat kepada tranformasi tingkah laku manusia yang dianjurkan bagi membina peradaban yang unggul. Perbincangan merujuk kepada ayat al-Quran dan huraian serta analisisnya menurut sarjana Islam, khususnya dalam kalangan ahli tafsir. Boleh dirumuskan bahawa al-Quran telah mengisyaratkan kepelbagaian tingkah laku manusia samada tingkah laku yang meliputi aspek luaran manusia (fizikal) dan juga aspek dalaman (rohani). Mengetahui dan memahami kepelbagaian ini dapat membantu usaha menyelesaikan masalah yang dihadapi oleh seseorang dengan mengenal pasti diri mereka dari sudut tindakan dan perbuatannya. ABSTRACT As guidance for mankind, the Quran does not only cover matters pertaining to faith, worship, Islamic commerce, and morals but also discusses subjects related to the human beings themselves, such as their origin, the process of their creation, as well as the aims and purpose of their creation by Allah the Almighty. The Quran is also not left behind in discussing the behavior, attitudes and habits of mankind, both of those which can be detected by the senses, or even the ones hidden in their hearts. This has been articulated in a lot of its chapters and verses. However, the existence of these explanations and descriptions about the human behavior is less noticed by most scholars, when it is indeed very important to resolve issues related to the human behavior, especially with regard to the negative ones. These scholars would make reference to sources other than the Quran, or to only consider the views of western scholars when talking about behavior and matters pertaining to it. In relation to this situation, this paper aims to discuss the diversity of the human behavior through the verses of the Quran and their descriptions. The descriptions of the Quran about the human behavior is a signal towards the transformation of the human behavior which is recommended in building a superior civilization. This discussion refers to the verses of the Quran and their descriptions, as well as the analysis according to Islamic scholars, particularly among the commentators. It can thus be concluded that the Quran has indicated about the diversity of the human behavior, whether those which cover the external aspect of mankind (physical), or the internal aspect (spiritual). Knowing and understanding these diversities can help the effort in solving problems faced by individuals, by identifying themselves from the aspects of their actions and deeds.