Análise de parâmetros físicos, químicos e microbiológicos de poços de monitoramento em área aplicada com vinhaça

The vinasse is a spinoff of sugar and alcohol production and is generally applied as mineral fertilizer in sugarcane fields, however have high potential soil contaminate, superficial water and groundwater. This article aims to evaluate the water quality monitoring some physical, chemical and microbiological parameters in monitoring existing in sugarcane areas irrigated with vinasse. For this was analisated 14 water quality parameters in 17 monitoring wells distributed in an area of 10.138,23ha of vinasse application in a  sugar and alcohol company in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The parameters analyzed were conductivity, apparent color, DBO520, COD, Total phosphate, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia Total nitrogen, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, DO, pH, total solids, turbidity, total and fecal coliforms. The analyzes were conducted semi-annually in the period 2009-2012. Through Principal Component Analysis, applied separately to samples in the dry and rainy periods, it was found that the wells are differentiated by the time of application of vinasse, suggesting that the evaluated parameters of water quality are being influenced by the application of vinasse. The monitoring wells may be sources of contamination of groundwater, but in the present study was not observed values to alter the quality of groundwater possibly the ability to debug the soil, the properly application of vinasse and proper construction of wells following the NBR n ° 15495-1:2007.