Detailed three-phase circuit model for power transformers over wide frequency range based on design parameters

Abstract This paper presents a detailed three-phase transformer model, the elements of which are expressed analytically according to the physical layout and the design construction parameters of the power transformer. These expressions have been calculated theoretically and verified through finite elements simulations. The proposed model allows to obtain the internal voltage distribution through the three-phase transformer in any type of operating condition, particularly when it is simulated in an electromagnetic time domain transient simulation tool, providing an external and internal characterization of the transformer in a frequency band that can appear in a power system (up to 1 MHz). The obtained results have been compared with both lightning and low frequency tests measurements, showing a good agreement.