Infection, polymorphism and evolution

Parasites, clonal diversity and sexual reproduction. Models of plant-pathogen co-evolution. The evolutionary advantage of sex: evidence from a perennial grass. Costly resistances sometimes lead to cheap signals in parasite-driven sexual selection. Variability and transmission in a social insect-parasite systems. Immunology, sexual selection and behaviour. Genetic variability and the evolution of virulence among retroviruses. Gene-for-gene recognition in plant-pathogen interaction. MHC polymorphism, parasites and speciation. Natural selection at the MHC loci of vertebrates. MHC-based mating preferences, inbreeding, autoimmunity and infectious disease. Human leukocyte antigens and natural selection by malaria.