Toxicokinetics of dimethylacetamide (DMAc) in rat isolated perfused liver

Dimethylacetamide (DMAc) is a skin-penetrating solvent able to induce hepatic damage after chronic exposure. Previous research has indicated that metabolism may be saturated at its present TLV/TWA (10 ppm). Biological monitoring of monomethylacetamide (MMAc), the primary metabolite of DMAc, might therefore underestimate exposure to DMAC and related health hazards. We used the recirculating perfusion technique in isolated rat liver to evaluate DMAC metabolism. Medium concentrations starting at about 30, 50, 100 and 275 μM, respectively, were tested. Perfusate samples were taken regularly and analysed for DMAc; pharmacokinetic parameters (extraction ratio and clearance) were calculated for each perfusion. Inlet DMAc concentrations were calculated and concentration groups divided in 16, 36, 70, 160, 225 μM. The extraction ratio of the 16 μm group differed significantly from the other concentration groups tested. DMAc metabolism was saturated at a DMAc concentration of 36 μM. Extraction ratios were unaffected...