Sources of Protein and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids of the Diet and Microalbuminuria in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Albuminuria excretion rate above the reference range and below albustix positive proteinuria (20–199 μg/min) is known as microalbuminuria and has been associated with an increased risk of death and progression to renal failure. Besides hyperglicemia and high blood pressure levels, dietary factors can also influence albuminuria.Objective: To evaluate possible associations of dietary components (macronutrients and selected foods) with microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetic patients.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 119 normoalbuminuric [NORMO; 24-h urinary albumin excretion (UAE) < 20 μg/min; immunoturbidimetry] and 62 microalbuminuric (MICRO; UAE 20–199 μg/min) type 2 diabetic patients, attending the Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre (Brazil), without previous dietary counseling, underwent 3-day weighed-diet records, and clinical and laboratory evaluation.Results: MICRO patients consumed more protein (20.5 ± 4.4 vs. 19.0 ± 3.5% of total energy; p = 0.01) with a higher ...