Use of Nitrogen Trifluoride To Purify Molten Salt Reactor Coolant and Heat Transfer Fluoride Salts

The molten-salt-cooled nuclear reactor is one of the Generation IV reactor types. One of the challenges of implementing this reactor is purifying and maintaining the purity of the various molten fluoride salts that will be used as coolants. The method used for Oak Ridge National Laboratory’s molten salt experimental test reactor was to treat the coolant with a mixture of H2 and HF at 600 °C. In this Article, we evaluate thermal NF3 treatment for purifying molten fluoride salt coolant candidates based on nitrogen trifluoride’s (1) past use to purify fluoride salts; (2) other industrial uses; (3) commercial availability; (4) operational, chemical, and health hazards; (5) environmental effects and environmental risk management methods; (6) corrosive properties; (7) thermodynamic potential to eliminate impurities that could arise due to exposure to water and oxygen. Our evaluation indicates that nitrogen trifluoride is a viable and safer alternative to the previous method.