Threshold voltage tuning by metal gate work function modulation for 10 nm CMOS integration and beyond

This paper describes a novel scheme of metal gate integration to achieve precise threshold voltage (VTH) control and multiple VTH, by using metal composition and ion implantation (I/I) into work function metal (WFM). Moreover, WFM full fill is demonstrated with in situ barrier metal to satisfy the conductance requirement of sub-10 nm node gate.