Blood pressure 24-hour pattern in two industrialized countries (Italy and Japan) with a different culture in salt intake.

Abstract This study investigates the blood pressure (BP) 24-hour pattern in representative samples of 2 industrialized countries, Italy and Japan, showing different cultures in salt intake. BP was monitored by means of a noninvasive ambulatory device whose readings were analyzed by means of chronobiometric procedures. The results show that the 24-hour BP pattern is not substantially different in Italian and Japanese subjects. In particular, the expected lower BP in the Italians was not detected despite their lower salt intake. Because the 24-hour mean BP value was seen not to be proportional to salt intake, the hypothesis is formulated that maintenance of the pressure regimen within a given range of variability is a principle of human physiology. To comply with this rule the Japanese people are supposed to have ethnically developed a certain resistance to dietary salt for which their cardiovascular apparatus is protected (phyletic escape to dietary sodium excess).