Blood Gas Analysis and Instrumentation

Blood gas analysis is a quick and simple tool that can provide critical information to guide patient assessment and management. When using blood gas analysis, it is important to have an understanding of the physiology underpinning acid–base balance within the body and the effect of aberrations that occur in pathological states. The following article outlines the physiology of acid–base balance and the basic techniques and interpretation of blood gas analysis in a range of conditions. The differences between arterial and venous blood gas measurements and their clinical utility are also discussed.