Tanggapan tanaman jagung hibrida (F1) hasil persialngan kultivar guluk-guluk dan srikandi kuning-1 terahdap cekaman kekeringan

Jagung Hibrida (F1) hasil persilangan antara kultivar Guluk-Guluk (G) dengan Srikandi Kuning-1 (S) telah diketahui mempunyai ketahanan terhadap Cucumber Mozaic Virus (CMV) dan kandungan protein yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari tanggapan tanaman jagung hibrida F1 hasil persilangan kultivar Guluk-Guluk dengan kultivar Srikandi Kuning-1 terhadap cekaman kekeringan dibadingkan kultivar induk. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di rumah kaca menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan 2 faktor perlakuan yaitu kultivar dan cekaman kekeringan. Empat kultivar jagung (kultivar G, kultivar S, F1 hasil persilangan betina Guluk-Guluk – jantan Srikandi Kuning-1/GS, dan F1 hasil persilangan jantan Guluk-Guluk – betina Srikandi Kuning-1/SG) masing-masing diberi perlakuan penyiraman 100%, 80%, 60%, 40% dan 20% kapasitas lapang (KL) dengan 4 ulangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi petumbuhan tanaman (tinggi tanaman, luas dan jumlah daun, anthesis silking interval, waktu panen, panjang tongkol, jumlah biji, kadar prolin akar dan kadar klorofil daun), biomassa tanaman (berat kering batang, daun, akar, 100 biji, tasel dan tongkol) dan kadar nitrogen total biji. Data penelitian di analisis menggunakan Anava Faktorial RAK 5% dan DMRT 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan cekaman kekeringan menghambat pertumbuhan dan menurunkan biomassa tanaman jagung hibrida dan induknya. Kadar klorofil daun tidak dipengaruhi cekaman kekeringan. Kadar nitrogen biji turun pada penyiraman 40% KL. kadar prolin akar tanaman jagung hibrida dan Guluk-Guluk fluktuatif, sedangkan kadar prolin akar jagung kultivar Srikandi Kuning-1 meningkat pada cekaman 20% KL. Umumnya tanggapan tanaman jagung hibrida terhadap cekaman kekeringan lebih mewarisi sifat induk betina. Hybrid maize (F1) derived from crossing between Guluk-Guluk (G) and Srikandi Kuning-1 (S) cultivars were reported have resistance to cucumber mozaic virus (CMV) and contains high protein. The objective of this research was to study respons of the hybrid maize on drought stress compared with their parents. Research was conducted in green house using RCBD with two factor such as cultivar and drought treatment. Four cultivars of maize (G, S, F1 female Guluk-Guluk – male Srikandi Kuning-1/GS and F1 female Srikandi Kuning-1 – male Guluk-Guluk/SG) were treated by watering 100%, 80%, 60%, 40% and 20% field capacity (FC). Each treatments with four replications. The parameters observed were plants growth (plant height, leaf wide and number, anthesis silking interval, harvest time, cob length, seed number, root prolin and leaf chlorophyll content), biomass (dry weight of stem, leaf, root, 100 seeds, tasel and cob), and total nitrogen content of seed. The data was analyzed by RCBD Factorial Anava 5% and DMRT 5%. The results revealed that drought stress inhibited plant growth and decreased biomass of the hybrids and their parents. However, chlorophyll content was not affected by drought stress. Total nitrogen content of seed decreased on watering 40% FC. Root prolin content of the hybrid and G cultivar was fluctuatif and S cultivar increased on 20% FC. Generally, respons of hybrid maizes on drought stress was inherited from female parent.