超声心动图诊断小儿先天性主动脉瓣及瓣下狭窄 Echocardiographic Diagnosis of Congenital Valvular Aortic Stenosis and Subvalvuar Aortic Stenosis in Children

目的：探讨超声心动图诊断小儿先天性主动脉瓣及瓣下狭窄的准确性。资料与方法：分析12例术前诊断先天性主动脉瓣及瓣下狭窄患者的心脏彩超图像，并与手术结果对比分析，总结其诊断要点。结果：经手术证实，12例患者中3例为主动脉瓣下狭窄，6例为主动脉瓣狭窄，3例为主动脉瓣下狭窄合并主动脉瓣狭窄。本组患者除2例术前超声诊断与术中探查不符外，其余均与手术结果相符。结论：主动脉瓣及瓣下狭窄的鉴别诊断对于外科有重要意义，超声心动图诊断小儿先天性主动脉瓣及瓣下狭窄具有较高的准确性。 Purpose: To assess the diagnostic accuracy and features of Echocardiography on congenital valvular aortic stenosis (VAS) and subvalvuar aortic stenosis (SVAS) in children. Methods: The echocardiographic characteristics of 12 patients diagnosed VAS and SVAS were analyzed and compared with results of operation results. Results: 3 of total 12 patients were diagnosed subvalvuar aortic stenosis, 6 were diagnosed valvuar aortic stenosis, 3 subvalvuar aortic stenosis cases were associated with valvuar aortic stenosis. The echocardiographic characteristics of VAS were correspondent to the results of operation findings in 12 patients except 2 patients had mismatch of preoperative diagnosis and intraoperative findings. Conclusion: The differential diagnosis of VAS and SVAS is important for surgery. There is high accuracy of echocardiography in the diagnosis of VAS and SVAS in children.