Energy-Efficient Resource Allocation in Heterogeneous Vehicular Networks

To meet the ever-increasing on-road wireless traffic, internet of vehicles is designed to provide flexible deployment energy-efficient operation and low-latency communication with roadside units (RSUs). However, according to the weakness of the dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) technology, it can not guarantee the reliable and efficient communication of the vehicular network, especially in the high density scenario. In this paper, we propose a heterogeneous vehicular network consists of LTE eNBs and RSUs, which could support high transmission data rate, large coverage and low latency by widely deployed existing wireless LTE infrastructures. In order to improve the network energy efficiency (EE), we introduce an energy-efficient resource allocation algorithm, which consists of the vehicles and resource association algorithm and EE based auction algorithm. In the first algorithm, we optimize the association of vehicle pairs and resource blocks according to the individual match degree in an iterative manner. To ensure the fairness among vehicles, we employ the EE based auction algorithm to assign the optimal vehicles to resource blocks. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm could achieve superior performance in terms of EE and fairness in all aspects than comparison algorithms in literatures.