Factors associated with a positive attitude towards receiving cancer information: a population‐based study in Spain

Background It is necessary to raise a positive attitude towards cancer information to improve disease prevention and control. Objective To identify social factors, health characteristics and cancer-related perceptions and knowledge associated with a positive attitude towards cancer information. Design We ran multivariate logistic regression models to analyse population-based data from OncoBarometro-2010, a Spanish representative survey on perceptions and knowledge, related to cancer, conducted among 7938 people aged 18 years or more. Measurement Attitudes towards cancer information. A positive attitude includes feeling motivated to keep informed, to have screening tests or to change lifestyle. A negative attitude includes feeling indifference, concern, frustration or fear. Results 38.3% of the studied population reported having received information related to cancer (within the last 6 months). Among those, 31.5% expressed a negative attitude towards cancer information. People more likely to have a positive attitude towards cancer information (reference category: negative attitude) were people aged 35–74 (ref: aged 18–34) (P < 0.001) and cancer survivors (ref: those who had not had cancer) (OR: 3.05; 95% CI: 1.73–5.38). The likelihood of a positive attitude increased with the level of education (P < 0.001). The variables negatively associated with a positive attitude towards cancer information were poor self-rated health status (ref: fair) (OR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.42–0.95) and high self-perceived risk of developing cancer (ref: low) (OR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.60–0.92). Conclusions These findings have potential to inform programmes designed to promote cancer prevention behaviours. Policies should target population groups with low socio-economic groups, those with poor self-rated health and individuals with high self-perceived risk of cancer. Further, in order to increase knowledge of cancer symptoms, we need to focus on individuals with unhealthy lifestyles.