Cystic Adventitial Disease of the Popliteal Vein and Artery in Siblings

Abstract Cystic adventitial disease (CAD) is an uncommon condition in which mucoid cysts form within the adventitial layer of the arterial or venous wall. We present two cases in which two first-degree relatives (brother and sister) acquired CAD approximately six years apart, one involving the popliteal artery and the other involving the popliteal vein. This is a rare report of a possible familial association of CAD. We discuss the etiology, diagnostic criteria, and imaging modalities between arterial and venous CAD to aid in the management and selection of optimal treatment strategies.