Peeled-off flexible Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells and Na diffusion effects on cell performances

Na diffusion on Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cells fabricated on top of polyimide-coated soda-lime glass (SLG) substrate were investigated. Polyimide-coated SLG that can be used as substrate for fabricating flexible solar cells by peeled-off process, shown to have the same efficiency with SLG reference which is around 12%, indicating diffusion of almost same amount of Na from the substrates into the CIGS. Additional Na incorporation by NaF post-deposition treatment (PDT) were applied to CIGS deposited on substrates with different Na quantity to understand the Na diffusion effect prior and post CIGS deposition. Improvement of cells performance were observed for CIGS deposited on both substrates with or without Na diffusion. Final conversion efficiency of 15% was achieved after PDT for CIGS deposited on Na-contained substrates suggesting that PDT can be used even for CIGS with Na diffusion from the substrate.