Trends in Perinatal HIV Prevention in New York City, 1994–2003

Objectives. We examined trends in perinatal HIV prevention interventions in New York City implemented during 1994 to 2003 to ascertain the success of the interventions in reducing perinatal transmission.Methods. We used data obtained from infant records at 22 hospitals. We used multiple logistic regression to analyze factors associated with prenatal care and perinatal HIV transmission.Results. We analyzed data for 4729 perinatally HIV-exposed singleton births. Of mothers with prenatal care data, 92% had prenatal care. The overall proportion who received prenatal care and were diagnosed with HIV before delivery was 86% in 1994 to 1996 and 90% in 1997 to 2003. Use of prenatal antiretrovirals among mothers who received prenatal care was 63% in 1994 to 1996 and 82% in 1997 to 2003. From 1994 to 2003, cesarean births among the entire sample increased from 15% to 55%. During 1997 to 2003, the perinatal HIV transmission rate among the entire sample was 7%; 45% of mothers of infected infants had missed opportunit...