Battery box locking device and battery box including battery box locking device

The invention relates to battery installation and replacement of electric vehicles and particularly provides a battery box locking device. The battery box locking device aims at solving the problem that a battery box cannot be reliably installed and rapidly replaced and cannot be prevented from loosening in the running process. For solving the problem, the device comprises an installation housing, a bolt, a flange, a spring and a spiny hemp plate assembly, wherein the flange cannot rotate around the axis direction the bolt and can slide in the axial direction, the spring can compress the flange, a spine on the flange is connected with a hemp plate on the installation housing, accordingly the flange and the bolt cannot rotate with respect to the installation housing, the bolt enable the installation housing to be connected to a vehicle body of the electric vehicle. Due to the fact that the structure is adopted, the locking device can safely and reliably install a battery box and rapidly and conveniently replace the battery box, achieves rigid fixing of the battery box and accordingly can prevent the battery box from loosening in the running process.