Bio-inspired flapping-wing micro air vehicles material properties and evolutionary fabrication

Wing flexibility plays an important role in achieving aerodynamic performance and manoeuvrability during flapping flight. The material properties of an artificial wing is a major barrier to mimicking a flying insect. However, it seems there is still a lack of knowledge in the design procedure, lightweight materials and structure. The density, strength, flexural stiffness and cost are some parameters that need to be considered during fabrication of vein geometry, membrane and wing frame. The weight is also a critical parameter for wing fabrication. Thus, the selection of materials should be made to obtain not only minimum weight but also to achieve the required strength. This paper provides a brief overview of materials that are used to fabricate artificial flapping wings and also their properties. This information is useful for better understanding the design options for the next generation of artificial bio-inspired wings. This paper integrates the current technology of making the wing with the material used, their advantages and specification according to the flight characteristics. It also proposes the criteria to select the proper material.