Peripheral component interconnect express (PCIe) solid state hard disk controller, PCIe based storage system and data read and write method thereof

The invention discloses a peripheral component interconnect express (PCIe) solid state hard disk controller, a PCIe based storage system and a data read and write method thereof. The PCIe solid state hard disk controller comprises a PCIe control interface, a central processing unit (CPU), a FLASH controller, a direct memory access (DMA) module and a cache. The uplink port of the PCIe control interface is connected with a host. The PCIe solid state hard disk controller also comprises a transceiving control module and an order/response forwarding module. The PCIe control interface is connected with the CPU through the trasceiving control module. The transceiving control module is connected with the PCIe control interface through the order/response forwarding module. The CPU configures the PCIe solid state hard disk controller into a master controller or slave controllers. The PCIe solid state hard disk controller can be expanded flexibly. As the master controller and a plurality of slave controllers can run simultaneously, the performance of the PCIe solid state hard disk is improved and is about N times of the performance of existing PCIe solid state hard disk of a single device. The master controller and the plurality of slave controllers each control the same quantity of storage chips, so that the capacity is enlarged and is about N times of the capacity of existing PCIe solid state hard disk of the single device.