Genetic markers in human semen: a review.

The utilization of genetic typing in the analysis of body fluids and secretions is an important objective in forensic science; however, before this can be done several questions must be answered. It must be known what genetic markers are present in the fluid of interest and what kinds of nongenetic variability enter into the phenotypic expression of these markers. The stability of the markers must be known, and procedural problems specific to the analysis of a particular fluid must be recognized. It is only after these questions are satisfactorily answered that protocols of analysis which are relatively reliable can be developed.